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编写项目时，自己创建序列化和反序列化工具类：

import java.io.*;/** *文件读写的工具类：方法要静态 */public class IOUtil {    /**     * 从指定文件中读数据     * @param fileName     * @return     * @throws IOException     */    public static Object readFile(String fileName) throws IOException {        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(fileName);        ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(fileInputStream);        Object o = null;        try {            o = objectInputStream.readObject();        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return o;    }    /**     * 写入数据到指定文件     */    public static void writeFile(Object obj,String fileName) throws IOException {        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(fileName);        ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOutputStream);        objectOutputStream.writeObject(obj);    }}

public class Student implements Externalizable {        private String stuNum;        private transient String stuName;        private transient List
    
      teacherList;             ......
    

public class Student implements Externalizable {            private String stuNum;            private static String stuName;            private List
     
       teacherList;             ......
     

public class Student implements Serializable {    private String stuNum;    private String stuName;    private List
    
      teacherList;private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream objOut) throws IOException {        System.out.println("writeObject-----------");        objOut.writeObject(stuNum);        objOut.writeObject(stuName);    }    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream objIn) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {        System.out.println("readObject-----------");        stuNum = (String) objIn.readObject();        stuName = (String) objIn.readObject();    }
    

4、Externalizable接口----可实现部分属性的序列化（不常用）

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